Friday, December 27, 2019

Should the Past Be Judged Essay - 2294 Words

Should the Past be Judged? We can learn a lot from consulting the past. We learn more about our world, more about our history, and even more about ourselves. Spanish aphorist George Santayana once said: â€Å"Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it† (qtd. in Moncur 1). In general terms, this famous aphorism means that it is important for us to study and learn from history in order to avoid repeating the same mistakes. However, the standards and values that we use today to judge the present are much different than they were in the past. What may have seemed like the right thing to do one hundred years ago might not be viewed the same way today. In her essay â€Å"At the Buffalo Bill Museum, June 1988,† Jane Tompkins†¦show more content†¦Cody’s Wild West shows weren’t just used to preserve the buffalo species; they were used to depict his actions as an Indian fighter. â€Å"Buffalo Bill was a plainsman, but the place he might have held on the pic ture plane of the West was severely compromised and ultimately lost to the theatrical pretentions of the Wild West Show† (Momaday 638). For Cody, these shows were just a transformation into an imitation of himself. â€Å"The great fascination and peril of Cody’s life was the riddle of who he really was. The thing that opposed him, and perhaps betrayed him, was above all else the mirage of his own identity† (Momaday 631). In this essence, it is important for us to judge the past. Despite his treatment of the Indians, Cody is still an authentic American hero. Buffalo Bill isn’t the only figure in American history to be viewed in this controversial manner. Consider the actions of Christopher Columbus after discovering America. In 1492, Columbus set out on a voyage across the Atlantic Ocean in an effort to prove that the world was round. After spending two months at sea, Columbus finally reached what he thought was India but was actually Central America. Columbus is credited for being the first to generate European awareness of the American continents in the Western Hemisphere. His voyages eventually led to the colonization of the Americas and the development of a modern world. After Columbus, more and more explorers set out to the Americas,Show MoreRelatedracism speech Essay1431 Words   |  6 Pageswhat this disease is. You probably think that it can be treated with limited breakouts every few years. The virus Im talking about is racism. Imagine living every day in fear knowing that where ever you go, everything you do is b eing observed and judged. Imagine walking into a store or a boutique and having someone watch every move of yours thinking that you’re going to steal something, or expose a bomb from under your clothes. Imagine being mocked and hated at school because youre different.Read MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Imitation Game By Alan Turing1334 Words   |  6 Pagesvery personal consequence of society’s decision. Throughout the film the question of the appropriateness of differing sexual orientations, gender roles, and social norms are questioned by allowing the audience to see how these aspects have been judged in the past and the consequences of society’s decisions on a personal level. The first societal decision the rhetor questions is that of the appropriateness of gender roles. The main female character named Joan Clarke is the focus of the question of standardRead MoreGlossophobia Speech1021 Words   |  5 Pagesspeeches is the fear of being judged, the fear of failure, and how nervous I get before and during the speech (SC5). The fear of being judged while giving a speech is something very ridiculous that shouldn’t even be something to be worried about. Because everyone in the audience has the same things going through their heads, and are more focused on themselves than the person giving the speech. There are several different reasons as to why people may think they are being judged, such as their physicalRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1528 Words   |  7 PagesJane developing, she is at a place where she isn t familiar with. In the years when she was living with the Reeds, they always showed her the ways on how they think she should live, instead of how she needs to live in order to develop into someone that is able to be independent in the future. Many times, she is constantly pushing past the Victorian Era normality and standards at the beginning of the novel. Even though at the end of the novel, Jane is more grown and matured, but she was never like thisRead MoreOf Mice and Men Discri mination Essay923 Words   |  4 Pagesnovel, these three characters face many hardships because they are harshly judged and often misunderstood. Curley’s wife is probably one of the most misunderstood characters in the novel, often being looked down upon, or talked badly about. She is the only woman on the ranch, and who appears consistently throughout the novel. At one point, some of the workers are talking about her role in the ranch, and what she should and shouldn’t do. â€Å"Ranch with a bunch of guys ain’t no place for a girl, ‘speciallyRead MoreThe Most Common Ways People Identify Themselves1519 Words   |  7 Pagesassociated with different races. People are often judged on how they look and act. Some people benefit more than others just based on race. Others can be put at a disadvantage because of their sexual orientation. The family you are born into can have a major impact on how you are seen and what type of privileges and struggles you will face in life. Looking at my life specifically, I will reflect on how the culture, including race and gender, from the past and present can infl uence people’s lives in generalRead MoreVirginity And Its Effect On Society878 Words   |  4 Pageswhen you feel it’s right, I feel that no one should be judged on what their past sexually history is based on. Females are considered as un pure for having sex before marriage or multiply partners. On the other hand men are praised for having many sexually partners and are cool for doing so among friends. I feel what men are allowed to do females should be allowed also. It has always been a power struggle for female to be equal with men. Why are female judged about having sex with multiply partners andRead MoreThe Community Of Lgbt Workers Essay1583 Words   |  7 Pagesfairly or getting their fair share that they deserve in the workplace. They are victims to high rates of workplace discrimination. Instead of being judged as workers and what they bring to their jobs and how they work, they are being judged by their sexual preferences and appearance. Being a gay or tran sgender worker causes them to be mistreated, not judged for the actual workers they are, and most importantly, halts a majority of them in better career and job opportunities. Although under federal lawRead MoreStaples and Cofer1308 Words   |  6 Pagesthat is why a person should only be judged by who he/she is, each person is unique in his/her own way. Cofer addresses the stereotypes of Latin women, while Brent Staples points out the social views of African American men by both displaying the stereotypes stuck to them, how the grew up, and encounters with strangers to reveal the similarities and differences they face concerning ethnicity. No matter what ethnicity a person is, it seems as if everyone has to face being judged based on his/her ethnicityRead MoreWomen s Rights And Equality1135 Words   |  5 Pageseach person should be free to choose. The definition of equality inquires that all genders have the same rights and opportunities. According to law women are able to work, talk, dress, act, and express freely in society. The 1st amendment reassures all Americans these freedoms. It does not assure that women can work, talk, dress, act, and express freely in society without concern of being socially accepted. We deserve the same rights men have had since the beginning of time. In the past, the public

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Agrarian Discontent in Late Nineteenth Century Essay

Agrarian Discontent in Late Nineteenth Century At the end of the nineteenth century the American farmers faced many problems. Industrialization of the farms caused many farm workers to loose their jobs. Many farmers began raising only one crop in large amounts, which led to deflation. This meant ruin for many farmers, since they had to pay back the debts they owed for land and machinery. The railroads, corporations and processors made the situation even worse by organizing together and regulating crop prices. The mechanization of agriculture created a lot of problems for the western farmers. New machinery made crop production much easier and faster. This caused many farm workers to loose their jobs, because such machines as the†¦show more content†¦However the deflation was not entirely their fault. The government was also to blame, since throughout the late nineteenth century it maintained a relatively static money supply. The population from 1865 to 1895 almost doubled, however money in circulation only increased by about fifty percent. In his acceptance speech, William McKinley said Debasement of currency means destruction of values. No one suffers so much from the cheap money as the farmers and laborers. This was true, since many farmers were unable to pay off their mortgages. The bankers charged interest rates of up to 40 percent on loans and forced many farmers into bankruptcy. Along with the bankers, the government also cashed in on the farmers land. They had to pay huge taxes on the land to local, state and national government. Protective tariffs also decreased he farmers profits, while benefiting the manufacturers in the east. Another problem for the farmer was the railroad. The octopus, as the farmers called it, could charge extremely high freight rates on their crop. In his book, The Octopus, Frank Norris described the situation of how Dyke, a farmer, was exploited by the railroad. After realizing that the rate was now five cents, Dyke said in astonishment, Well that ruins me, I wont make fifty cents. Make? Why, I will owe†¦ This was true since for many farmers it was often more profitable to burn their crop then to ship it. The railroadShow MoreRelatedLate Nineteenth Century999 Words   |  4 PagesIn the late 1800s, farmers believed that the railroad companies were strangling away their profits and the government was in favor of big business thus justifying their feelings of discontent.. The farmers had every right to be upset about their situation because the government saw a need for reform which alludes to the fact that problems existed, the railroads had a monopoly on shipping which raised co sts and affected profit margins, the value of crops had deflated, and big business was hostileRead MoreThe Populist Movement’s Grievances of the 1880s and 1890s 843 Words   |  3 Pagesbig business owners (Aboukhadijeh). The high taxes that were instituted during the late nineteenth century in America severely hurt many farmers economically, causing many legitimate reasons for discontent. Crop failures were a prevalent issue for many farmers especially in the Midwestern United States. Numerous farmers specifically in Kansas experienced many challenging years during the late nineteenth century (Kansas Historical Society). Droughts had caused numerous crop failures and farmersRead More1983 Apush Dbq - Example Document Based Question1056 Words   |  5 PagesJames McManus Mr. Colameco AP United States History 7 January 2013 Example Document Based Question Nearly all of the reasons for agrarian discontent in the late 19th century stem from three areas: land, transportation, and money. The farmers were fighting the perceived threats posed by monopolies and trusts, railroads, and the demonetization of silver. The American farmer during this period already had his fair share of problems which, compared to the success of the industrialized businessmenRead MoreWhy Did Farmers Express Discontent During 1870-1900 and What Impact Did Their Attitudes and Actions Have on National Politics.2488 Words   |  10 PagesWhy did farmers express discontent during 1870-1900 and what impact did their attitudes and actions have on national politics. Manufacturing hit a huge growth rate during this period which cause agriculture to decline, and cause farmers to struggle to make a living. The farmers were now being abused by the railroad companies and banks. The documents in DBQ 8 show rationality for the farmer’s protests, exclusively on bank mort gage tariffs and the gold standard. Two particular groups became popularRead MoreThe Rise and Fall of Class in Britain9826 Words   |  40 Pagesphrase that has continued to resonate ever since, that his aim was to bring about what he called the classless society? 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This picture was commissionedRead MoreEssay on The Events That Led to the Independence of Cuba2762 Words   |  12 Pagescomplete independence. These works have contributed to reinforce my opinion on the subject at hand. The works have shown that Cuba’s history is filled with discontent from within towards an outside presence. In the beginning, the outside force was Spain, Cuba’s colonial leader. The United States became the outsider in the early nineteenth century, when it intervened in Cuba’s fight for independence. Only until Castro took over in 1959 did Cuba truly become free and independent. The spirit and aspirationsRead MoreTo What Extent Was the Enlightenment the Cause of the French Revolution3952 Words   |  16 Pagesup Estates in a country. This excerpt also has a lot to do with the rights of men and especially the Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen. This will be discussed later on in the Essay. The birth of the Enlightenment happened during the 18th Century and it emerged from Europe as an intellectual movement of writers and thinkers questioning and challenging the ideas and views that at the time was widely accepted. Especially the Catholic Church was challenged for its traditional and determined valuesRead MoreFrom Salvation to Self-Realization18515 Words   |  75 Pagessaid, human character changed. This hyperbole contains a kernel of truth. Around the turn of the century a fundamental cultural transformation occurred within the educated strata of Western capitalist nations. In the United States as elsewhere, the bourgeois ethos had enjoined perpetual work, compulsive saving, civic responsibility, and a rigid morality of selfdenial. By the early twentieth century that outlook had begun to give way to a new set of values sanctioning periodic leisure, compulsiveRead MoreInstitution as the Fundamental Cause of Long Tern Growth39832 Words   |  160 Pagesimportance of i nstitutions by focusing on two quasi-natural experiments in history, the division of Korea into two parts with very different economic institutions and the colonization of much of the world by European powers starting in the fifteenth century. We then develop the basic outline of a framework for thinking about why economic institutions differ across countries. Economic institutions determine the incentives of and the constraints on economic actors, and shape economic outcomes. As such

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Performance Management and Employee Engagement

Question: Discuss about the Performance Management and Employee Engagement. Answer: Introduction Lincoln Electric is among the fortune 1000 company which was started by John C. Lincoln to produce electric generators and later John along with his brother James started producing high quality arc welding machines and became a leading suppliers of such equipments (Lincoln Electric, 2017). Both of them shared the same ideology of employee motivation at workplace. Lincoln electric is widely known for their no layoffs policy which means they havent fired any of their workers in the tough times of depression. The reason lies in their incentive pay system. They clearly knew that the key to secure a competitive position in the market is the strategic contribution of every individual in achieving the desired goals and objectives. The report discusses about the various performance management techniques in the context of rewards and their implications on the performance on their workforce. The report also highlights the existing incentive pay scheme (Burton, 2012). Employee motivation is ver y important to achieve strategic goals of the organization and performance management ensure this. Performance management refers to the process of monitoring and managing employees performance and aligning their efforts into the direction of achieving the management goals. The person responsible for increasing the productivity of the employees of Lincoln Electric is their CEO Mr John Hastings, who in this ever changing dynamic environment managed to retain its employees and ensure a job satisfaction (Hastings, 1999). Reward practices at Lincoln Electric Mr Don Hastings, the CEO of Lincoln Electricals was responsible for integrating the ideologies of Lincoln brothers to motivate the employees through an effective incentive pay system. He knew the importance of compensation and rewards to increase the productivity of the employees and organization. Employees welfare in an organization is very important and he made sure that by offering them the rewards they deserve. The reward practices that are being followed at Lincoln Electrics are: Piece work system: The piece work system refers to the policy of earning on the basis of the output produced by a line worker in a manufacturing unit. This system directly rewards the contribution of the worker in the total production of an organization. Lincoln Electric has implemented this system for their factory workers. There is no fixed base wage and every individual is strictly paid for their produced output. This system gained a lot of criticism because it reminds the condition of garment workers, who are exploited and paid poorly on every piece produced. James Lincoln saw this piece work system as a great opportunity to induce the factory workers to contribute productively and they will be paid fairly. The output produced was directly linked to their personal interest as more they will produce the more they will earn. This system was proving to be very successful at Lincoln Electric because there was no restriction on how high can an individual earn. The rate of Absenteeism due to this has been very low. Though this system undoubtedly increased employees motivation but having a no base wage was a threat to the workers living. It has been also been mentioned in the case study that the workers were much tensed due to the recession which has directly affected their earnings. They were not earning well as they were earn earlier. Profit Sharing system: Profit sharing system refers to the distribution of profits as bonus to employees. This is a very effective incentive plan that ensures strategic contributions of every individual working in an organization because the more efficiently they work the more profits will an organization earn. The risk and rewards earned by an organization is also being shared among the employees. This concept is also known as share economy. A major part of profits earned by Lincoln Electric is distributed to the employees as yearly bonus. The employee retention rate is very high under this system. They know they will get a share from profits in the boom phase and during the tough times only the incentive amount is less. Profit sharing results directly into no layoffs (Jana Petr, 2013). The profit sharing system can prove to be a costly affair for an organization. Profit retention is very important for the growth and expansion of the business. During the time of recession, when organizations are struggling to earn profits for survival they have an obligation to pay the employees (Koller, 2013). Year-End Bonus: Lincoln Electric follows year-end bonus policy to give bonus to their employees. Bonus amount is calculated on the basis of the profits earned by the company and the grades which are given by the supervisor on the basis of their performance, competitiveness and flexibility in the working environment (Brown Reily, 2009). Though it works as great motivator but it creates a feeling of jealousy and unfriendly competition among the workers. The measures of the employees performance are the grades. Low grades are reflected in their bonus amounts. No Layoffs policy: Lincoln Electric is famous for their no layoff policy. They havent dismissed anybody from their organization since World War II or in during the time of recession. This gives an individual a job security and they are more motivated and committed to achieve organizational goals. Alternative Reward practices: Health insurance cover: Lincoln Electric does not provide any life insurance to the employees. Life insurance is often perceived as an additional cost burden on the organizations financial structure. But it is a major factor in recruiting and retaining potential talent. Workers at Lincoln electric who are involved in Arc welding are exposed to many health hazards such as electric shock, exposure to welding fumes and gases, risk of fire and explosion due to extreme temperature created by welding arc and loss of hearing power due to high welding machine noises (Lincoln Electric, 2017). All these can risk the lives of workers and their families who are dependent on them. Offering them the life insurance plan will give them assurance that their families are financially secure even after their death. This will increase the morale of the employee and will affect their performance in a positive way. Also, the firm will also get some tax benefits under this scheme (Miller, 2015). Workers Wellness programs: Lincoln Electric can also initiate a workers wellness programs which will not only include health care benefits for the employees but their family members too. The main objective of these programs is to create a healthy corporate environment to work in. The wellness package can include regular workplace health check-ups of employees to analyse their mental and physical wellbeing. For the line workers, employers can arrange workshops to enhance their knowledge on the factory safety methods. Also for the families paid health check-ups can be arranged (Kohll, 2016). This wellness programs can ensure productivity of the employees as the health risks will be low and due to this the absenteeism rate will also decrease. Workers who do not have fixed pay can benefit from these programs as the cost of health care benefits is high. This can ensure employee satisfaction and retention (Sullivan, 2013). Offsite employee activities: Offsite activities are recreational activities which are organized by the employer outside the organization. The reason behind conducting offsite activities is to provide employees and workers a break from their routine, so that they can relax and resume their workplace responsibilities with enthusiasm and contribute productively in achieving organizational goals. It includes many activities such as Volunteering in which employees participate in activities of giving back to the community they live in. These generally include CSR activities. Offsite activities also include fitness activities or playing sports and some field trips. Outdoor trips on the working days can bring a change in their usual working routine; it also strengthens the bonding between the co-workers. These activities also give an opportunity to the top level management and executives to interact with the people working in their organization which is not possible on the daily basis. This will help management to address employees issue (Sarita Gautam, 2015). Improving performing management process Managing employees performance in an organization is very important to ensure a sustainability position in the market. Lincoln Electric has been emerged as a leader in the arc welding product globally and the reason behind its success is their efficient workers and employees who are working continuously without taking any leave. There are certain issue of workers and employees that are needed to be resolved in order to manage their performance so that they can contribute strategically in the growth of the organization. An effective performance process will not only increase the productivity of the employees but lower the turnover and absenteeism rate of employees (Lin Jee, 2011). Factors that can improve the performance management process are: Basic wages: The line workers at Lincoln Electric are seen quite concerned because the economic position of the country directly affects their piece work wages. They are earning less than what they used to make earlier. Lincoln Electric should start providing a decent basic wages as per the industry norms to its workers. Basic wages gives workers a financial security to fulfil their obligation towards their families (Luce, 2012). Piece work wages are heavily dependent on many situations such as economic position of the country and the organizations performance in the market. By providing financial security to the workers in form of fixed wages, an employer will be able to retain and attract hardworking workforce. Non-monetary rewards: Employees of Lincoln Electric are induced by the management in form of attractive yearly bonus and share in the profits. But this is not the only factor to improve their performance. It is the responsibility of the employer to praise the employees hard work and performance (Laakso, 2012). They should acknowledge the efforts of employee in front of their co-workers so that they feel motivated to perform more efficiently. Also, the employer should take regular feedbacks from people working in the organization (Waqas Saleem, 2014). Mandatory breaks: At Lincoln Electric the workers resist lunch breaks or refreshment breaks due to the piece work system. They want to produce more output so as to earn more wages. They do their lunch at the factory and at times come even before their shifts starts. This is a very hectic schedule and may affect workers health and productivity in the future. The supervisor should fix a compulsory break time which will refresh the workers and they can do their work with enthusiasm. All these activities will help in performance management of employees and helps organization to retain the potential talent and increase their efficiency so that they can collectively achieve strategic goals of the organization (Saks Gruman, 2011). Conclusion Lincoln Electric has been emerged as a leader in its industry. The organization has secured a competitive position in the market because of their highly competent and dedicated workforce. By giving employment security to the individuals and maintaining their commitment of not laying off employees during economic downturns is an indication of long term commitment towards securing employees interest in the organization. Their incentive pay system which includes piece work system and profit sharing system has been idolised by many organizations and it directly affects their productivity at the workplace. They know the importance of employees contributions and as result they dont fix any incentive bar for them. There are certain issues that are needed to be addressed so that they can increase employees engagement and manage their performance for the sustainability of their business. Recommendations Reward practices of Lincoln Electric have proven to be successful in managing the performance of the employees but still front line workers are worried about their substantial decline in their piece rate so in order to secure their financial interest, employer should provide them with fixed wages. Also, the practice of giving yearly bonus which includes evaluating the performance of employees by giving them grade in comparison to its co-workers should be avoided as it increases unhealthy competition. Rather they should switch to acknowledging the work of the best performers and rewarding them accordingly. This will result into increase in the self-esteem and morale of the employees and help them to be productive at workplace. References Brown, D. Reily, P. (2009). Measuring the effectiveness of pay and reward practices How do we achieve more evidence-based reward management? Retrieved from https://www.employment-studies.co.uk/system/files/resources/files/mp84.pdf on 4 April 2017. Burton, K. (2012). A Study of Motivation: How to Get Your Employees Moving. Retrieved from https://spea.indiana.edu/doc/undergraduate/ugrd_thesis2012_mgmt_burton.pdf on 4 April 2017. Hastings, D.F. (1999). Lincoln Electrics Harsh Lessons from International Expansion. Retrieved from https://hbr.org/1999/05/lincoln-electrics-harsh-lessons-from-international-expansion on 4 April 2017. Jana, F. Petr, P. (2013). Profit-Sharing A Tool for Improving Productivity, Profitability and Competitiveness of Firms? Journal of Competitiveness. Retrieved from https://www.cjournal.cz/files/148.pdf on 4 April 2017. Kohll, A. (2016). 8 Things You Need To Know About Employee Wellness Programs. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/alankohll/2016/04/21/8-things-you-need-to-know-about-employee-wellness-programs/#31b315a840a3 on 4 April 2017. Koller, F. (2013). The miracle of profit-sharing: Year 65 and still no layoffs. Retrieved from https://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/the-miracle-of-profit-sharing-year-65-and-still-no-layoffs/ on 4 April 2017. Laakso, L. (2012). Case study: The impact of financial and non-financial rewards on employee motivation. Retrieved from https://publications.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/42808/Laakso_Lotta.pdf?sequence=1 on 4 April 2017. Lin, S.J. Lee, Y.P. (2011). PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS: A COMPLEXITY PERSPECTIVE. International Public Management Review. Retrieved from journals.sfu.ca/ipmr/index.php/ipmr/article/download/103/103 on 31 March 2017. Lincoln Electric. (2017). Company History. Retrieved from https://www.lincolnelectric.com/en-us/company/Pages/company-history.aspx on 4 April 2017. Lincoln Electric. (2017). Five Potential Welding Safety Hazards to Avoid. Retrieved from https://www.lincolnelectric.com/en-us/support/welding-solutions/Pages/Five-potential-welding-safety-hazards.aspx on 4 April 2017. Luce, S. (2012). Social justice and growth: The role of the minimum wage. International Journal of Labour Research. Retrieved from apirnet.ilo.org/resources/social-justice-and-growth...role-of...minimum-wage/.../file1 on 4 April 2017. Miller, B. (2015). Do You Offer Life Insurance to Employees? Retrieved from https://hrdailyadvisor.blr.com/2015/11/10/do-you-offer-life-insurance-to-employees/ on 4 April 2017. Saks, M.A. Gruman, A.J. (2011). Performance management and employee engagement. Human Resource Management Review. Retrieved from hop.tarjomeplus.com/Uploads/site-1/DownloadDoc/288.pdf on 4 April 2017. Sarita Gautam, K. (2015). Happy Workers Are Productive Workers. The International Journal Of Business Management. Retrieved from www.theijbm.com/force_download.php?file_path=wp-content/uploads/...id... On 4 April 2017. Sullivan, J. (2013). Heres Why Employers Need To Keep Offering Health Care Benefits. Retrieved from https://www.eremedia.com/tlnt/heres-why-employers-need-to-keep-offering-health-care-benefits/ on 4 April 2017. Waqas, Z. Saleem, S. (2014). The Effect of Monetary and Non-Monetary Rewards on Employee Engagement and Firm Performance. European Journal of Business and Management. Retrieved from https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.685.3904rep=rep1type=pdf on 4 April 2017.

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Picking the Best Format to Write Your Life Story - The Writers For Hire

PICKING THE BEST FORMAT TO WRITE YOUR LIFE STORY You’ve had an interesting life, and you want to share your story with the world. You want to share lessons learned, leave a legacy for your family, or preserve favorite memories. You’ve thought about writing a book more than once, but you’re not sure where to start. In fact, you’re not even sure what kind of book you should write. Should you tell your story in chronological order, starting with the day you were born? Should you aim for a series of â€Å"snapshots† of important events in your life? Do you want to focus on one aspect of your life, like your career? Do you want to write about a challenge you’ve had to overcome? We know. That’s a lot to think about. First of all, don’t worry if you feel overwhelmed.   A book is a big project, and there are several great options for writing your life story. In this guide, we’ll take a look at some of the most popular options, and help you decide which is best for you. Autobiography or Memoir? Although you’ve probably heard these two terms used interchangeably, there’s actually a difference between an autobiography and a memoir. Both are great options for telling your story, but the option you choose will depend on things like your goals for the book, the focus of your book, and the types of stories you want to share. The Autobiography An autobiography is a sweeping factual narrative of your life. It’s written in chronological order from your birth to the present moment. It is based on factual events rather than memories and emotions, and highlights the experiences and accomplishments throughout your lifetime. All autobiographies are written in first-person, typically by the author themselves, but can also be written by a ghostwriter. While this format is normally used by famous people who have a lot of accomplishments and experiences to document, anyone can write an autobiography Within the autobiography format, there are two main approaches. You can write your life story strictly based on your history and accomplishments, listing the events of your life in consecutive order so your readers can learn about you and your life experiences. You can write your life story based on a particular theme. How would you define your life in one key message? Maybe it’s the idea that love conquers all, or a theme like overcoming adversity and never giving up. By determining one main theme and weaving it through the all facts of your life, it makes for a more interesting story and creates a better flow. In fact, many of the best autobiographies out there have a central idea that blends with the author’s entire life story throughout the book. Pros: This is a little easier to write, due to the chronological and factual nature of the format. Unlike some of the other options available, an autobiography can be straightforward and simple; there is no need to use literary devices or embellishments. Cons: Presenting your life story in a strictly factual, linear way can be less interesting than a memoir. The â€Å"just the facts† approach also means you’ll need to do lot of fact checking and research. Also, it can be difficult writing about yourself, especially in the first person, without it feeling stilted. You might find that you sound too humble or even too arrogant it’s hard to strike the right balance. Suggested Reading Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela by Nelson Mandela Cash: The Autobiography by Johnny Cash Life by Keith Richards The Autobiography of Eleanor Roosevelt by Eleanor Roosevelt The Memoir Unlike an autobiography, a memoir focuses on a more specific point in time based on your memories and the feelings of that time period. It is meant to re-create the past instead of merely record it, which makes for a more interesting read. This format is also written in the first person but is less formal. Instead of emphasizing factual events, a memoir is focused on how you remember or were affected by these events. One of the great things about this type of format is that it gives you, the author, great flexibility. You can write about anything. This is also a great option if you find that you really enjoy writing:   because a memoir covers only one aspect, event, or time period in your life, you can write numerous memoirs about other experiences. You can write a memoir about your childhood, your travels, your family, your career, or anything else. Think about a key theme or lesson and how it affected or shaped you then and now. You can write about a single personal event that happened; a single historical event; a series of connected events that have a common thread; or an external person or event to you and how it/they affected or shaped you, your life, and your outlook on life. Pros: You can write   about virtually any topic, theme, experience, or event. Plus, because you’re writing about your own memories and events in your life and not about your accomplishments, it’s easier to write without sounding stilted or over-indulgent. And if you love to write, you can write numerous memoirs. Cons: Writing a memoir takes a little more writing skill to make the story flow in an interesting way. Also, your memories could be less clear than the real events which could possibly open you up to liability issues. Other things to consider are privacy of others and the potential of alienating yourself from friends or family depending on your subject matter. Suggested Reading Eat, Pray, Love: One Womans Search for Everything Across Italy, India, and Indonesia by Elizabeth Gilbert Runaway Amish Girl: The Great Escape by Emma Gingerich Drunk Mom: A Memoir by Jowita Bydlowska Angelas Ashes: A Memoir by Frank McCourt Many Ways to Write Your Life Story Now that you know the difference between an autobiography and a memoir, it’s also important to know that these aren’t the only two ways to write your life story. Consider these optional formats: The Diary or Journal Many people regularly journal or keep a diary to chronicle their life’s experiences. If you have kept a journal over the years, then you are even closer to writing your life’s story. If have never journaled before, you can start right now to keep track of your daily life and use that as a springboard to writing your story. Using a theme or single topic as you journal can be a good way to get started. Plus, if you do it in this format, you can take a mix of both the autobiographical format and the memoir format by doing it chronologically but with more emotion and not as much fact. You can also simply intermix the memoir and diary formats together and write your memoir as if you were doing journal entries. Pros: You may have already been keeping a diary or journal throughout your lifetime, so it makes a great format to start with as much of the writing is already done. You can also still build around a central theme or simply write your memories out in this format. Cons: Many diaries or journals contain mundane thoughts, feelings, and daily events that aren’t interesting to write about or read. It can be harder to go through each entry and extract the interesting parts from what is probably not all that interesting. Oftentimes, keeping a diary or journal will lead to a lot of rambling and usually there isn’t a cohesive theme or event to it. Suggested Reading Oregon Trail Journal of Medorem Crawford by Medorem Crawford Written on the Knee: A Diary from the Greek-Italian Front of WWII by Helen Electrie Lindsay When Will This Cruel War Be Over?: The Civil War Diary of Emma Simpson, Gordonsville, Virginia, 1864 by Barry Denenberg Dear Nobody: The True Diary of Mary Rose by Gillian McCain and Legs McNeil The Biography A biography is the telling of person’s life story, typically a famous person, by another author. It is written in the third-person voice (he/she) and is also factual in content and written in order from birth to the present moment, just like an autobiography. But just because biographies are normally written by someone else, there is no rule book that says you can’t write your own biography! All you need to do is take your story and write as if it happened to someone else. You can also write your memoir this way using a he/she form of writing. Pros: Writing in the third person vs. first person can help you detach from your story so you can see it more objectively. Also, much like an autobiography, this format is based on facts and an easy to follow timeline, so you can write in a more direct way without a lot of added fluff like you would in a memoir or autobiographical novel. Cons: Writing in the third person form can be difficult when writing about yourself and your achievements. You also must still focus on the historical events of your life and the facts which means a lot of research and fact checking is necessary. Suggested Reading Steve Jobs: The Man Who Thought Different: A Biography by Karen Blumenthal Robin by Dave Itzkoff Ernest Hemingway: A Biography by Mary V. Dearborn Walt Disney: The Triumph of the American Imagination by Neal Gabler The Autobiographical Novel Another way to present your life story is writing a fictionalized book based on the true or remembered events of your life. Why write your life story as if it were made up and put it into novel form? Certainly, there are risks when you write your life story and present a factual (autobiography) or semi-factual (memoir) account. Liability, privacy, protecting other people who are still living, and a sensitive subject matter are all good reasons to choose this format. Of course, writing in a fiction format can also be a good way to embellish on facts that aren’t quite so interesting. Just remember to never make up facts and portray them as truth within your life story. You can use truth within your fiction, but not the other way around. Pros: By choosing this format, you can avoid hurting family, friends, and other people that are a part of your story. You can also protect yourself from liability issues by presenting sensitive topics and information as fiction. Plus, if you don’t fully remember all the events you’re writing about, it might be better to present them as fiction. And writing in novel form allows you to embellish on the facts that aren’t quite so interesting. Cons: Presenting the truth as made up doesn’t give the healing or closure on certain events or topics in your life which is something many people try to do when telling their life story. Also, you want people to know it is your story and writing in fiction can cause confusion to your audience. Suggested Reading The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian by Sherman Alexie Contents May Have Shifted: A Novel by Pam Houston David Copperfield by Charles Dickens Look Homeward Angel by Thomas Wolfe Alternative Formats Want to do something completely unique? The great thing about writing your own story is that, well, it’s yours. And that means you can tell it any way you choose. The only limit is your creativity. Here are some ideas of other formats you can try: Like almost everyone, you probably have a phone in your hands at any given moment. Start taking video of important experiences and events to create a video autobiography. Create an audio or oral autobiography by voice recording yourself talking about your life, history, events, or anything you want to talk about to your intended audience. Take a series of photos of you with captions and create a digital photo autobiography that chronicles your life by placing it online, CD, or another digital format. Using photos, letters, certificates of achievement, journaling, and paper, make a one-of-a-kind keepsake scrapbook that tells your life story. It will be visual, unique, and something you and your family can treasure. Do you like to take your own photos? Create a digital memoir using photos you have taken across a life event, experience, or topic. Maybe you’re an artist and have created paintings and drawings over the years. Consider putting them all together into book form that helps tell a story of your life, similar to a memoir or across your life like an autobiography. If you are an avid social media user, you could consider taking your social media conversations, social media posts, even your text conversations and compile your life story around these things, even using a similar format. Group them together by topic or theme to make for easier reading. If using text messages or comments made by others, be sure to get permission from them before you publish in any sort of way so as not to plagiarize. Write a series of short stories and put them together into a book, like an anthology. They can be stories about similar topics or events or can be completely separate and random. Create a book of poetry with each poem detailing aspects of your life or memories. Pros: You can present your life story in anyway you choose! You can be as creative as you want while possibly even starting a new niche in this genre – you could be a trendsetter! Cons: You have fewer examples to follow to help you along with telling your story, especially if you are a new writer. You’ll have to be extra creative and make up your format as you go which might extend the time it takes to get your project completed. Suggested Reading Crack Street Victim Lane: Addiction memoirs / poetry, written in the Crack House, and while sleeping on the street by Samuel Arcelay Jean Howards Hollywood: A Photo Memoir by James Watters (Author), Jean Howard   (Photographer) Scrapbooking + Memoir = ScrapMoir 7 Steps to Combining Your Photos, Your Memories, Your Stories by Bettyann Schmidt

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

The Jacket Essay Example For Students

The Jacket Essay In â€Å"The JacketGary Soto uses symbolism to reflect on the characterization and development of the narrarator. Soto seems to focus mainly on a jacket, which has several meanings throughout the story. The jacket is used as a symbol to portray poverty, the narrarators insecurity, and the narrarator’s form of self-destruction. Since the story uses a certain object, the Jacket, as the meaning of several issues, it primarily focuses on the narrarator’s poverty-stricken family. First of all, an example of the poverty is demonstrated when the narrarator complains that the jacket â€Å"was so ugly and big that I knew I’d have to wear it a long time†(paragraph 3). It is clear that his lack of money was a problem in which he would have to keep the jacket because he could not afford a new one. The narrarator then feels embarrassed and upset by the jacket by stating â€Å"I blame my mother for her bad taste and cheap ways†(paragraph 10). By mentioning his mother’s â€Å"cheap† ways he is conveying that he is aggravated because of his mothers option to choose bad and ugly clothes in order to save money. A final way that the jacket is used as a symbol for poverty is implicit when a dog in the story tears the jacket and the narrarator â€Å"†¦ Scotch taped it close but i n rain or cold weather the tape peeled off like Gonzalez 2a scab and more stuffing came out†(paragraph 10). The fact that the narrarator could not fix the torn part of the jacket can indicate that his family is struggling to afford money for themselves. These certain examples help portray the issues of poverty that the narrarator’s family struggles. The Jacket symbolizes poverty as well as the narrarator’s insecurity throughout the story. We will write a custom essay on The Jacket specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now An example of the insecurity that is demonstrated in the story is mentioned when the narrarator’s teachers were of â€Å"no help, they looked his way and talked about how foolish he looked in his new jacket† (paragraph 7). The narrarator feels insecure because of his assumptions that his teachers are making fun of him when in fact, they are not noticing him at all. Further more, he continues to say, â€Å"At lunchtime I stayed with the ugly boys leaned against the chain link fence†¦ our mouths† (paragraph 9). This statement proves the narrarator is having bad luck because of the jacket and is destroying his reputation at school. A third reason why the jacket symbolizes insecurity is because the fact that his classmates see him with the jacket, he feels that they â€Å"†¦say out loud â€Å"man that’s ugly†, I heard the buzz-buzz of gossip and even laughter† Gonzalez 3(paragraph 7). Just as he felt the same as he did in the teacher si tuation, he feels the jacket is something that makes himself like a joke and increases his insecurity. Self- Destruction is a final meaning for the symbolism of the jacket which helps the character develop himself in the story. When the narrarator felt that the jacket was ruining his life, he claimed â€Å"I ran outside, ready to cry, and climbed the tree by the alley to think bad thoughts† (paragraph 10). His bad thoughts were of embarrassment and shame all brought on by the idea of having this certain jacket. Another example was when he had gotten upset and he had thrown the jacket down and he later â€Å"†¦swiped the jacket off the ground and went inside to drape it across his leg and started to mope† (paragraph 11). Showing aggravation towards an object shows his frustration towards himself, realizing that he cannot accept the person he has become with the jacket. Finally, when the narrarator states â€Å"I spent my sixth-grade year in a tree waiting for something good to happen to me in that jacket† (paragraph 10). The narrarator’s expectation to feel useful in the jacket is what makes him happy. .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8 , .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8 .postImageUrl , .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8 , .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8:hover , .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8:visited , .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8:active { border:0!important; } .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8:active , .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8 .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u65622d0caa651824070aed0e50ddaeb8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Tolstoy's Three Hermits EssayIn conclusion, Gary Soto realizes that without the symbolism of the jacket, there really would be no meaning Gonzalez 4to the story. His use of poverty, insecurity, and self-destruction of the narrarator is what makes the story complete. English Essays

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Free Essays on Suggested Class Projects

SUGGESTED CLASS PROJECTS Throughout this semester, we have been asked to complete suggested class projects at the end of each chapter on a weekly basis. Each project would cover something that pertained to the topics discussed in that chapter in order to not only learn the material through just reading it but also through application of the material. The areas included: advertising foundations and environment, advertising background, planning, and strategy, advertising media, creating advertising, and integrating marketing communication elements. Although I may not have always felt like doing these projects, I do feel as if they were beneficial. It just me gave a little more insight into the world of advertising in practical situations. Towards the end of the semester, we began to base most of our projects around one central theme, and that theme was WIU football. This was also helpful because of the promotional campaign we have to do as well, so it gave the class a chance to throw around ideas. So, I suppose these projects have served a dual purpose. For the most part, I will basically be discussing what I got out of these projects on a chapter-to-chapter basis. For Chapter 1, we were to contact one or two advertising agencies and find out the changes that have taken place within their business as well as in the industry. We proceeded to ask other questions such as if September 11th had any effect on the businesses and what kind of turnover rate they had. Through conducting this interview, although it was very short and sweet, it just gave our group a chance to talk with a real advertising agency, and it made me realize the implications of external factors on businesses, especially small businesses, such as that of 9-11. This interview also showed how much advertising can be affected by technological changes such as online advertising. We were able to find out more about the company we contacted, which was Phoenix Grap... Free Essays on Suggested Class Projects Free Essays on Suggested Class Projects SUGGESTED CLASS PROJECTS Throughout this semester, we have been asked to complete suggested class projects at the end of each chapter on a weekly basis. Each project would cover something that pertained to the topics discussed in that chapter in order to not only learn the material through just reading it but also through application of the material. The areas included: advertising foundations and environment, advertising background, planning, and strategy, advertising media, creating advertising, and integrating marketing communication elements. Although I may not have always felt like doing these projects, I do feel as if they were beneficial. It just me gave a little more insight into the world of advertising in practical situations. Towards the end of the semester, we began to base most of our projects around one central theme, and that theme was WIU football. This was also helpful because of the promotional campaign we have to do as well, so it gave the class a chance to throw around ideas. So, I suppose these projects have served a dual purpose. For the most part, I will basically be discussing what I got out of these projects on a chapter-to-chapter basis. For Chapter 1, we were to contact one or two advertising agencies and find out the changes that have taken place within their business as well as in the industry. We proceeded to ask other questions such as if September 11th had any effect on the businesses and what kind of turnover rate they had. Through conducting this interview, although it was very short and sweet, it just gave our group a chance to talk with a real advertising agency, and it made me realize the implications of external factors on businesses, especially small businesses, such as that of 9-11. This interview also showed how much advertising can be affected by technological changes such as online advertising. We were able to find out more about the company we contacted, which was Phoenix Grap...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Daily Reading Responses2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Daily Reading Responses2 - Essay Example However, the reading asserts that women have not been enjoying these rights despite their continued struggle. As such, colored women in America are yet to enjoy the full benefits of the American independence. The reading claims that women have a right to vote, earn, and civil justice just like men. The article notes that very few people addressed the rights for colored women after colored men got their rights. As a result, colored men became masters over the women defining a unique type of slavery that demeaned the American independence. Unfortunately, this misfortune only happened to colored women since the white women are a great deal smarter and ensured they enjoyed the same rights as the white men. Conveniently, the reading justifies the struggle for equal rights for colored women by asserting the benefits of having equal human rights for both colored men and colored women in the American community. Indeed, colored women deserve to earn, study, lead, and enjoy civil justice just like colored men since colored people have their freedom in America (University of California 2). Only then will America enjoy the full benefits of the American independence. University of California. Sojourner Truth, Address to the First Annual Meeting of the American Equal Rights Association, New York City, May 9, 1867. Web. 22 July 2014.

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

LOCATING SCHOLARLY INFORMATION ON THE INTERNET Research Paper

LOCATING SCHOLARLY INFORMATION ON THE INTERNET - Research Paper Example of credibility lingering in mind, it is important to explore some of the possible criteria that can be used to qualify internet information as credible. Information credibility is heavily dependent a number of factors such as currency and citation presence among others. Credible information should be up to date thereby reflecting relevance and conformity with the changing times. Current information concurs with issues happening in the modern world. Research on different subjects is always being carried out implying that some of the earlier conclusions may be disputed. This is especially with technological advancements thereby creating greater room for improvements. For example, information on diseases is prone to change since as time advances there is likelihood of new discoveries. This implies that relying on relatively old sources may give information with omissions of advancements made. As such, conclusions drawn from such information may be deemed incomplete hence cannot be considered credible. Secondly, presence of source citations symbolizes information credibility since it shows that the topic in play has been researched upon. However, it is also important to check citations used to ensure that they are from trustworthy sources. In relation to citations, sources being used should also use credible references. This implies that use of information sources is seemingly interdependent. Additionally, information on sources should correspond to information on external trustworthy sources and conclusions. For example, internet users should ensure that a source corresponds to known facts about a given subject. Therefore, citation presence may be used to determine information credibility. Internet users can determine information credibility by concentrating on the website’s outlook. Scholarly sites have a consistent page design that is attractive yet maintaining professionalism. This implies that there is no irrelevant information on scholarly sources such as

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Religion in Canada Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Religion in Canada - Essay Example So, are Canadians picking and choosing when it comes to their religions and religious practices? Using examples from different religions, here it will be examined how Canadians think of religion, what the trend of religious practices are in Canada, and what the future of religion is in Canada. Much like the U.S., Canada is somewhat divided over religion. Depending upon where one goes, there may be more Catholic than Protestant influence. For the most part, Christianity remains one of the religions that plays a major role in Canadians’ lives. Since Canada is close to the U.S., Canadians share many of the same Christian values that Americans do—although perhaps not to the extreme that Americans do. The Canadians that this writer knows—who happen to be Christian—tend to be very choosy with the way they practice their Christianity. Basically, their services are boring. Their music is boring. In fact, there is not really too much to celebrate when worship rolls around on Sunday morning. Canadians live in somewhat of a glass bubble. Canadians are sheltered from the world. Usually, their personal views are very narrow. Anyone who does not share these narrow views is considered an outsider. Canadians treat outsiders to their religious practices much the same way that they treat Americans-usually with an odd stare and a disdainful glance. This is not particularly unusual-after all, who wouldn't react the same way The Other is usually considered taboo wherever one goes, and outsiders are almost never welcomed with completely open arms. Let us go back to this notion of closemindedness within Canadian Christianity. Canadian culture in general is very guarded. This is possibly due to the fact that Canada is so close to the U.S. that it competes very fiercely for recognition on many levels. Canadians in general feel that they have been left out of the sociocultural landscape of North America due to their unique position in the world. On one hand, Canada is very isolated. Thus, its people are in many ways sheltered from the world. Unless a Canadian travels outside his or her own country, he or she will not have the kind of cultural experiences that make good breeding ground for a mind rife with religious diversity. Christians in Canada think that basically everyone is out to scam somebody. Canadian Christians generally don't believe in the inherent goodness of people. However, they are skeptical of people who are genuinely in need. Part of this inability to comprehend how people can be in need of goods and services is because Canadians are highly self-reliant. Even if a person is religious, that does not necessarily cut the mustard with Canadian Christians. Generally, Canadian Christians are well-read and well-informed about their faith, in terms of knowing the history behind it. They are very concerned with how their faith evolved over time with regard to their particular religion. Trends of religious practices in Canada include a move towards more inclusion of those with religious differences. For example, Canada is moving towards the inclusion of other religious traditions, especially Islam. Normally Canada might be thought of as an unusual place for Muslims to settle. However, many Muslims are just like their Canadian Christian neighbors-they want to have good home lives with no trouble. Canada has been a good place for Muslims to settle because of the relatively benignly neutral state of the country. Canada in the past has recused itself from getting involved in foreign wars, and has been largely neutral with regards to various wars having been fought. Muslims generally feel more or less accepted moreso in

Friday, November 15, 2019

Inappropriate Use of Social Media in Healthcare

Inappropriate Use of Social Media in Healthcare The rapid growth and widespread use of social media has changed the way many people communicate and share information. Social media include various websites such as Facebook and Twitter which are the two most popular social networking providers, video sharing websites like YouTube, a variety of blogs which enable users to post their own articles and allow visitors to leave feedback, discussion forums and other social networking platforms of communication that people can use for educational or other purposes. In recent years a huge number of people around the world have become active users of social media. Network of Global Agenda Councils Reports (2011-2012) showed that worldwide more than 1.2 billion of people use social media, a number that accounts for 82% of all internet users around the world (Councils, 2012). Many of these users explore internet in order to access medical information and other to share their concerns about health related issues or to seek out medical treatment. Furthermore many healthcare professionals such as physicians, pharmacists and nurses use social media as a platform of communication to promote patient health and safety as well as an education tool (Frances Griffiths, 2012). However irresponsible and misuse use of social media can result to a number of unpleasant situations. Both healthcare providers and patients should be aware of the risks of using social platforms of communication. Potential risks among others include the breach of personal data, the publication of poor quality medical information and the underestimation concerning the seriousness of a situation from a healthcare professional either due to lack of adequate information or due to provision of incorrect or inaccurate data provided by a patient during an online consultation (Harlow, 2012). In UK there is not any specific guidance provided from the Health and Care Professions Council, but it has been made clear that social media should be used within the relevant standards of conduct, performance and ethics. It recognises that social networking is a valuable way to communicate and share information but also points out that the healthcare professionals who will decide to use it as part of their work must make sure that will behave with honesty and integrity for the best interest of the public protecting patient confidentiality and exhibiting their professionalism at all times (Health Professions Council Newsletter: Issue 34 April 2011). Nevertheless in the past have been reported many incidents of inappropriate use of social media and unprofessional behaviour where patients personal data disclosed on the internet without their consent or cases where patients offended because of comments made from other users related to their health status. Guardian reported that between 2008 and 2011, were carried out 72 separate actions by 16 trusts against staff for inappropriate use of social media. Some of these cases were related to the breach of personal data and some other were associated either with posting of racists or sex comments or with sharing of inappropriate pictures and videos through public internet forums. These incidences encouraged British Medical Association to provide guidance to its members about how to use social media in an appropriate way. (Laja, 2011). The use of social media allows patients to interact with healthcare professionals in a rapid and cost-effective way. Also gives them the ability to participate on their own care in order to manage their health and monitor their treatment by having quick access to medical journals and having view of different treatment options before and during consultation from their doctor and by using health related online applications. Likewise social media used from healthcare professionals to connect with individuals from different geographical areas in order to contribute on their health improvement by providing them with medical documents and by creating discussion forums on health related topics. This advantage gave them the opportunity to expand their activities introducing new services such as the online consultation and the provision of different treatment options at low cost. There are cases where social media used to promote communication both among patients and among Healthcare Professi onals. Patients have the ability to share their concerns and discuss about common diseases or possible medical treatments and on the other hand Healthcare Professionals are enabled to share information, experiences and ideas supporting their lifelong learning (KPMG, 2011). Some social networking platforms are free to the public but to some other the patients will have to pay if they need an online consultation by a healthcare professional or if they wish to discuss and share their concerns with other healthcare providers or other patients that suffering from the same condition. In UK operate websites like NetDoctor.co.uk which is provided and operated by National Health Service (NHS) and offer a wide range of services such as pregnancy email service and online doctor diagnosis from registered UK-based General practitioners, discussion forums and online applications like symptom checker that help patients to get a better understanding of their healthcare needs. NHS in UK uses social media in order to improve public health by providing health related information through NHS choices. Also it has been integrated to other social media such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube to promote its services and offer a broad spectrum of applications. For instance onlin e healthy life style advisor, smoking secession programmes and body mass index (BMI) health weight calculator. These services and applications enable patients to decide whether or not they require visiting a doctor for further advice retaining their privacy. However this way of communication can be very ineffective, as examining and interpreting medical notes without the availability of a full medical history and with the absence of physical exams can be a serious threat to the patient (Britton, 2012). In addition diagnosis can become unreliable due to lack of information and accuracy of data provided by the patient or due to underestimation of the seriousness of the situation, making online consultation inferior to a face to face consultation. Internet usage statistics showed that the adults that are active users of Facebook and Twitter in UK come to 37.4 million and 15.5 million respectively (Ayres, 2012). Considering this amount of people it is easy to understand how important is for Healthcare Professionals to use social media wisely and with professionalism. Inappropriate use of social media can affect healthcares personal and professional life. Many of them choose to disclose patients personal data for maintaining an easily accessible online medical record for personal use but they are unaware that many of that information (including videos or pictures) they upload on the internet in some cases can be accessed, used and spread from the general public without control (Thompson LA, 2008). It is therefore Healthcare professionals ethical and legal responsibility to protect patient confidentiality at all times on the internet as well as to other media. Some social networking platforms give the ability to the users to set privacy settings in order to prevent uncontrolled distribution of data and to put restrictions to individuals seeking access to information that have been chosen to be kept private (Thompson LA, 2008). However concerns have been raised in the past related to protection of personal data. Many social networks upload and share data without considering any legal or ethical considerations. Publishing personal information of patients without their consent can result to legal implications. In UK Data Protection Act limits healthcare providers from disclosing any personal information without patient consent with few exemptions. According Data Protection Act (1998) all personal data should be fairly and lawfully processed, they should be used for limited and specific purposes in a way that is adequate, relevant and not excessive, they should be accurate, held up to date and for no longer than its necessary and finally should be kept safe and not transferred to countries without adequate date protection. Nowadays social media have become an integral part of our lives. General public uses them to obtain health related information, to connect with other users with the intention to discuss issues concerning their health, to get educated by reading medical documents so that will get a better understanding of their condition or their disease and to pursue new treatment options in a fast and inexpensive way. Social media have also become an essential way for healthcare professionals to provide their services in order to improve and monitor patient needs such as the online consultation. On the other hand the rapid and uncontrolled sharing of information can result to potential risks and have negative impact to the provision of health care and personal lives of both patients and healthcare professionals. Breach of personal data protection, publication of untrustworthy medical documents and faulty consultation due to lack of evidence can be some of the pitfalls that users may face. In order to avoid these drawbacks both patients and healthcare professionals need to understand the limitations of the use of social media. Creating bounds between personal and professional use of social media is essential. Healthcare professionals who choose to interact with patients online must maintain appropriate boundaries concerning the relations between them. For instance, they should not discuss about health related matters on a friendly but only on a professional level. Additionally in order to ensure that high quality information is provided and that a conversation between a patient and a healthcare professional will have a positive outcome, both of them must build a relationship of trust by being precise and honest to each other regarding the information they share. This will cause the patient to capitalize on the doctors consultation appropriately and follow essential tips for a better result and will make it easier to healthcare professional to give the most appropriate advice. Also in my opinion healthcare professionals should only share medical documents that based on scientific studies while patients should consult their health provider before taking any action based on information obtained using social media. There are personal data that should not be allowed to be shared through social media as it is very likely patients to be offended. So individuals who use social networking platforms, especially for medical purposes should be able to consider whether is safe or not to share their data with the public. Healthcare professionals must recognize that they have an ethical and legal obligation to maintain patient privacy and confidentiality at all times and need to be aware that social media cannot be completed safe for protecting the information they share. For this reason they should use social networking platforms that privacy settings can be set and are secure to the highest level. Finally I believe that healthcare professionals should be restricted from disclosing patient personal information on public internet forums and any health related data should be safeguarded and be disclosed only to the patient or other healthcare professionals if its necessary and only for the use of medical purposes and with the consent of the patient.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Political and economic effects of Mongol rule on China and Middle East Essay

Yuan economic policies also accommodated traditional Chinese practices. Yuan rulers did not try to convert China into the Mongol-style nomadic economy; instead, they fostered agriculture. They restored the she, rural organizations composed of about 50 families, to assist in farming. These organizations also improved flood control, established charity granaries for orphans and widows, and introduced such new crops as sorghum. In addition, early Yuan emperors sought to protect the peasants by devising a regular, fixed system of taxation. Unlike previous Chinese dynasties, the Yuan rulers fostered trade and accorded merchants a high social status. Moreover, they promoted commerce by increasing the use of paper money, by offering cheap loans to merchant associations (ortogh), by building roads, and by allowing traveling merchants to lodge and to obtain supplies at government postal stations, which were located about 32 km (20 mi) apart throughout the empire. Concern about supplying the new capital led the Yuan court to initiate the ambitious project of rerouting and expanding the Grand Canal, aiding the shipping of surplus grain from southern China to the less fertile lands of the north. Such government support for merchants, together with the peace imposed on much of Asia by the Mongols, resulted in the greatest expansion of commerce in Eurasian history. Indian, Southeast Asian, Persian, Arab, and even European merchants arrived in China. Muslim merchants, the principal intermediaries in the overland trade between China and Central Asia, West Asia, and Europe, brought horses, carpets, medicines, and spices to China, and exported Chinese textiles, ceramics, and lacquerware. From the southern port cities of Quanzhou (Ch’à ¼an-chou), Guangzhou (Kuang-chou), and Yangzhou (Yang-chou), they conveyed Chinese ceramics and silks by ship and returned with spices, precious stones, incense, pepper, and medicines. The growing agricultural and commercial economy initially provided sufficient revenue for the court, but not for long. The original tax structure did not exploit the Chinese and was not burdensome on landlords, peasants, merchants, or artisans. In fact, Kublai Khan repeatedly reduced or postponed taxes on those of his Chinese subjects whose lands had suffered during  natural disasters. Yet the various construction projects he had undertaken, the building of the capital, postal stations and roads, and the enlargement of the Grand Canal, as well as military campaigns against Japan, Java, and mainland Southeast Asia, were costly. As the government’s expenditures soared, its need for additional revenue became more pressing. The court responded by appointing two new non-Chinese ministers whose principal duties were to raise more funds. However, their authoritarian methods only worsened the problem. By imposing higher taxes on merchants, deliberately inflating the currency, and increasing prices on salt, iron, and other goods monopolized by the government, they succeeded only in alienating Chinese officials. Finally, their highhanded treatment of the bureaucracy and their profiteering led to the assassination of one and the execution of the other. The economic situation merely declined further.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Diet Pills

Despite the reported side effects in using diet pills its claim continues to be high because many people are eager to take the risk, drug manufacturers have the liability to make the medical community and give alertness to the public the possible side effects of the drugs they create. Due to the hectic life that every people have both men and women who got that curiosity about the shape and size of their bodies, roughly everyone wanted to have a body that would always be a head turner to the opposite sex.The development of our generation admires and adores slimmer bodies, but due to the great impact of advertisement of the producers on diet pills some of them turn to use diet pills instead of sticking to regular exercise and balance diet, such weight loss pills are thought to have stimulants that work like caffeine, which gave the body an effect to raised energy levels and decreases appetite devoid of exercise and deprive anyone who take it from food craving.When a person starts usin g diet pills to try to lose weight, from this person is considered to start to perform an unhealthy weight management which can result to indistinct body image and low self respect which later on will lead to drug abuse. Before attempting to use any diet pills on the market extreme, caution should always be considered before using them, it is true that a little weight will be lost upon using them but the pounds will come back once its usage stop, in the time it is used there should also be a small print recommendation to espouse a little calorie diet and an exercise program.It is more annoying that diet pills have possible unsafe side effects. Before going through the medication the consumer should check with their physicians before using any type of weight loss supplement, but those people who are sure of their health have experienced negative side effects from diet pills. It is also important to consider reading the brand for the active ingredient and make sure on the source of th eir claims and whether they are potentially risky.One of the latest trends in weight loss is the use of carb blockers it contains amylase inhibitors the product is carb-blocking pills, this pills contains molecules of amylase an enzyme produced by the body that functions to break down carbohydrates. It has agreed with theory that carbohydrates should be broken down if not it will be absorbed and will supply calories in the body.Its side effects if carbohydrates are undigested will be diarrhea, gas and bloating. Diet pills works on the side of those brand that is made out of research by manufacturers who made it and spend enough time to have it tested before passing it to the consumers, these producers wanted to make the business more stable and profitable even it takes them a longer time to have their investment returned.But on the case of those diet pills manufacturers, who wanted just to have the profit without the effort, advertise and attract the people to buy the kind of produc t they endorse not putting into consideration if it will be effective or not and will affect the credibility of the brand of other diet pills that take a hard time making their names in the market.This means that a particular diet pills are known to be a scam depends on the credibility of its producers because if they include fraud into their business it is the whole image of any kind and brand that is affected not only the particular product that has committed the scam. Research has proven that any kind of drugs when ingested in the body always has its own advantage and disadvantages and diet pills are not an exception to this, therefore it is accepted that any drug could have it side effects especially when it is not well studied and given enough time to know its effect on humans.The perception of every person on the effect of any diet pills that she used varies from one person to another, that is also one of the reason why such drugs can either give a positive or negative effect on a person it is how on the psychological side that it was accepted which is agreed by the metabolism of the body. Now, we could draw the fact that despite the disadvantages that the diet pills produces and the scam that the other manufacturers have made, still lots of people never stop from using such drugs because it is still the easiest way to lose weight compared to the traditional process that are being used.A research in University of Minnesota has been conducted using 2,500 teen age females for 5 years period of time. Study shows that the use of diet pills among high school girls almost doubled from 7. 5% to 14. 2%. The age of teen age girls that uses diet pills ranges from 19 to 20 years old meaning 20% of females had used diet pills. This study proves that more and more woman is already convincing in using diet pills despite its announced disadvantages.

Friday, November 8, 2019

The Penalty of Death by H.L. Mencken

The Penalty of Death by H.L. Mencken As shown in H.L. Mencken on the Writing Life, Mencken was an influential satirist as well as an editor, literary critic, and longtime journalist with The Baltimore Sun. As you read his arguments in favor of the death penalty, consider how (and why) Mencken injects humor into his discussion of a grim subject. His satirical use of the persuasive essay format uses irony and sarcasm to help make his point. It is similar in mode to Jonathan Swifts A Modest Proposal.  Satirical essays like Menckens and Swifts allow the authors to make serious points in humorous, entertaining ways. Teachers can use these essays to help students understand satire and persuasive essays.  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ The Penalty of Death by H.L. Mencken Of the arguments against capital punishment that issue from uplifters, two are commonly heard most often, to wit: That hanging a man (or frying him or gassing him) is a dreadful business, degrading to those who have to do it and revolting to those who have to witness it.That it is useless, for it does not deter others from the same crime. The first of these arguments, it seems to me, is plainly too weak to need serious refutation. All it says, in brief, is that the work of the hangman is unpleasant. Granted. But suppose it is? It may be quite necessary to society for all that. There are, indeed, many other jobs that are unpleasant, and yet no one thinks of abolishing them- that of the plumber, that of the soldier, that of the garbage-man, that of the priest hearing confessions, that of the sand-hog, and so on. Moreover, what evidence is there that any actual hangman complains of his work? I have heard none. On the contrary, I have known many who delighted in their ancient art, and practiced it proudly. In the second argument of the abolitionists there is rather more force, but even here, I believe, the ground under them is shaky. Their fundamental error consists in assuming that the whole aim of punishing criminals is to deter other (potential) criminalsthat we hang or electrocute A simply in order to so alarm B that he will not kill C. This, I believe, is an assumption which confuses a part with the whole. Deterrence, obviously, is one of the aims of punishment, but it is surely not the only one. On the contrary, there are at least half a dozen, and some are probably quite as important. At least one of them, practically considered, is more important. Commonly, it is described as revenge, but revenge is really not the word for it. I borrow a better term from the late Aristotle: katharsis. Katharsis, so used, means a salubrious discharge of emotions, a healthy letting off of steam. A school-boy, disliking his teacher, deposits a tack upon the pedagogical chair; the teacher jumps and the boy laughs. This is katharsis. What I contend is that one of the prime objects of all judicial punishments is to afford the same grateful relief (a) to the immediate victims of the criminal punished, and (b) to the general body of moral and timorous men. These persons, and particularly the first group, are concerned only indirectly with deterring other criminals. The thing they crave primarily is the satisfaction of seeing the criminal actually before them suffer as he made them suffer. What they want is the peace of mind that goes with the feeling that accounts are squared. Until they get that satisfaction they are in a state of emotional tension, and hence unhappy. The instant they get it they are comfortable. I do not argue that this yearning is noble; I simply argue that it is almost universal among human beings. In the face of injuries that are unimportant and can be borne without damage it may yield to higher impulses; that is to say, it may yield to what is called Christian charity. But when the injury is serious Christianity is adjourned, and even saints reach for their sidearms. It is plainly asking too much of human nature to expect it to conquer so natural an impulse. A keeps a store and has a bookkeeper, B. B steals $700, employs it in playing at dice or bingo, and is cleaned out. What is A to do? Let B go? If he does so he will be unable to sleep at night. The sense of injury, of injustice, of frustration, will haunt him like pruritus. So he turns B over to the police, and they hustle B to prison. Thereafter A can sleep. More, he has pleasant dreams. He pictures B chained to the wall of a dungeon a hundred feet underground, devoured by rats and scorpions. It is so agreeable that it makes him forget his $700. He has got his katharsis. The same thing precisely takes place on a larger scale when there is a crime which destroys a whole community’s sense of security. Every law-abiding citizen feels menaced and frustrated until the criminals have been struck downuntil the communal capacity to get even with them, and more than even has been dramatically demonstrated. Here, manifestly, the business of deterring others is no more than an afterthought. The main thing is to destroy the concrete scoundrels whose act has alarmed everyone and thus made everyone unhappy. Until they are brought to book that unhappiness continues; when the law has been executed upon them there is a sigh of relief. In other words, there is katharsis. I know of no public demand for the death penalty for ordinary crimes, even for ordinary homicides. Its infliction would shock all men of normal decency of feeling. But for crimes involving the deliberate and inexcusable taking of human life, by men openly defiant of all civilized orderfor such crimes it seems, to nine men out of ten, a just and proper punishment. Any lesser penalty leaves them feeling that the criminal has got the better of societythat he is free to add insult to injury by laughing. That feeling can be dissipated only by a recourse to katharsis, the invention of the aforesaid Aristotle. It is more effectively and economically achieved, as human nature now is, by wafting the criminal to realms of bliss. The real objection to capital punishment doesn’t lie against the actual extermination of the condemned, but against our brutal American habit of putting it off so long. After all, every one of us must die soon or late, and a murderer, it must be assumed, is one who makes that sad fact the cornerstone of his metaphysic. But it is one thing to die, and quite another thing to lie for long months and even years under the shadow of death. No sane man would choose such a finish. All of us, despite the Prayer Book, long for a swift and unexpected end. Unhappily, a murderer, under the irrational American system, is tortured for what, to him, must seem a whole series of eternities. For months on end, he sits in prison while his lawyers carry on their idiotic buffoonery with writs, injunctions, mandamuses, and appeals. In order to get his money (or that of his friends) they have to feed him with hope. Now and then, by the imbecility of a judge or some trick of juridic science, they actu ally justify it. But let us say that, his money all gone, they finally throw up their hands. Their client is now ready for the rope or the chair. But he must still wait for months before it fetches him. That wait, I believe, is horribly cruel. I have seen more than one man sitting in the death-house, and I don’t want to see any more. Worse, it is wholly useless. Why should he wait at all? Why not hang him the day after the last court dissipates his last hope? Why torture him as not even cannibals would torture their victims? The common answer is that he must have time to make his peace with God. But how long does that take? It may be accomplished, I believe, in two hours quite as comfortably as in two years. There are, indeed, no temporal limitations upon God. He could forgive a whole herd of murderers in a millionth of a second. More, it has been done. Source This version of The Penalty of Death originally appeared in Menckens Prejudices: Fifth Series (1926).

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

THE BEST essays

THE BEST essays Flibbety is a very cold region with lot of tree-covered mountains and a lake. The men in this area hunted goats on top of the mountains while others were scouts who kept track of the goats. Some of the men fished in the lake and supplied fish to the area. Some men were lumberjacks who provided wood for building houses and keeping warm. A small group of men organized all the work of the area and were considered to be leaders. There were also medicine men and holy men. The women were usually housewives. Some of them went hunting with their husbands, but that was very rare. Others helped their husbands and sons in farming. When a work needed to be done, all the people would get together and finish it together. The people of this area worked as a group rather than individually. Most of the Flibbetanians lived in log houses since there were plenty of trees available. The leaders lived in brick houses, but they were small in number. There were no poor people in the country because everyone shared the work and the fruits of the work. The houses usually had a small kitchen, a fireplace, a living room, and two bedrooms. The brick houses usually had a regular sized kitchen, two fireplaces, a living room, and four bedrooms. Clothing of the Flibbetanians was very simple. Men wore long sleeve shirts and pants with belts to hold the tools and weapons. They made jackets out of goat skin which kept them really warm through the harsh, cold winter. The women usually wore pants and long sleeve shirts like the men. Sometimes they wore dresses. They only wore their dresses on special occasions. The Flibbetanians faced several hardships in living on mountainous terrain. The hunters had to get past the huge lake midway up the mountain. They used boats to cross the lake and go up the mountain. Sometimes they got lucky and found a goat before getting to the lake, but that was rare. Children would die because of diseases no one knew how to cure ...

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Effects of the Book Uncle Tom's Cabin on American history Research Paper

Effects of the Book Uncle Tom's Cabin on American history - Research Paper Example Clare, Tom Locker, Simon Legree, George, Emmeline and Cassy. The book depicts how slaves such as Uncle Tom and Eliza experienced a lot of suffering due to their strong Christian beliefs in a slave society. In the book, the black slaves try to liberate themselves from slavery by taking up Christian beliefs or escaping to Canada. The book highly depicts various beliefs that people had during the days of slavery, and the experience blacks had during the struggle against slavery. In essence, the book â€Å"Uncle Tom’s Cabin† acted as a blue print, which helped in overcoming the issue of slavery that was experienced by blacks in America. This paper will explain why and how the book â€Å"Uncle Tom’s Cabin† had a profound effect on American history. Through this book, â€Å"Uncle Tom’s Cabin† was very instrumental when it came to the issue of slave abolition, which ultimately affected the American history. The book made individuals and most importa ntly, slaves became aware of the fact that abolition of slavery, becoming free and earning human rights was possible. The book became popular, and in the process influenced the way individuals thought about slavery. The influence the book had on the American people made one region of America, which is the Northern States abolish slavery. The people Southern States of America who still had the desire of embracing slavery did not appreciate this act (Stowe & Douglass 42). In essence, this book â€Å"Uncle Tom’s Cabin† can be considered as being a great mastermind behind the civil war that was witnessed in America between the Northern and Southern States. One of the greatest and bloodiest wars that were witnessed in American history is the civil war, which has its origins intertwined with the book â€Å"Uncle Tom’s Cabin†. There are statements, which depict that the former President, Abraham Lincoln in 1962 told the writer of the book â€Å"Uncle Tomâ€℠¢s Cabin†, Stowe that she was the ingenious woman who initiated the civil war between the southerners and the northerners. That was a strong statement, which helped in exemplifying how the book, â€Å"Uncle Tom’s Cabin† affected American history. The book had a tremendous effect on America’s history because it featured the lives of characters who were truly suffering with no reason. This fact made the readers become empathetic towards the people who were subjected to slavery. It is clear to understand that the Northerners were highly affected by the books contents and as a result, the authorities came out with the announcement of making slavery unlawful (Stowe 56). The book â€Å"Uncle Tom’s Cabin† affected American history, by making the events in the book seem real and personal to the face of readers. All those negative circumstances that Uncle Tom and his colleagues experienced instilled the idea of antislavery in the minds of people who r ead the book and pictured the scenario. People who read the book became empathetic, after they pictured how their normal lives would be greatly depleted if slavery would be part of their societal norms. The book further showed how family values were something that did not have any worth at all when it came to slavery. This was when Eliza and her son are forced to escape to Canada and leave behind George, in order to avoid being sold to a different slave owner as a settlement of debt

Friday, November 1, 2019

I scanned the topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

I scanned the topic - Essay Example Few however could argue that Saddam Husseins Iraq was a place where anyone would want to live or was in any way a state that worked. It was a dysfunctional polity. It was a totalitarian hell where the dictator exercised complete control and enjoyed his sadistic whims. He used political power in an arbitrary manner in order to keep his citizens guessing. The two works under discussion Ijaam and The Tiger show Iraq under Saddam to be a capricious hell. This paper will argue that the kind of totalitarianism practised by Saddam eliminates the opportunity to have freedom. Some people believe the only way for order to prevail is for a dictator to rule. These people are totalitarians or authoritarians. It is a particular political philosophy. They believe that only a figure of immense power could guarantee the sorts of contracts people required with one another to live in peace. In order to increase the order and prosperity of society as a whole, an absolute sovereign would have to make some minimum guarantees: namely, peace and the upholding of contracts. In this view of the world ethics most be imposed on human beings who are just animals red in tooth and claw and who live lives that are dim and empty. None of these ideas take into account the brainwashing and control of Saddams Iraq. As the story â€Å"Tigers on the Tenth Day† shows the process of taking control can happen slowly. Often this processes are put in place without even people noticing. Year by year, the strictures tighten and the violence becomes more abusive. In this way, it is h ard for people to rebel, hard for them to speak out since things are happening so slowly. The tiger in this story is able to rationalize its behaviour. It says for example that it is mewing like a cat for its own amusement. When someone lives in fear they will do anything in order to survive the innumerable indignities of life. They will rationalize away their humiliations. This too